When providing information to parents about male circumcision for an adolescent minor, the adolescent should be included in the decision-making process. Parents and guardians of male newborns, children, and adolescents: Parents should be informed of the medical benefits – including a lower chance of getting HIV – and the risks of male circumcision and should make decisions in consultation with a health care provider.

Additionally, there is no evidence that male circumcision reduces the chances of acquiring HIV through receptive anal sex (bottom). However, no clinical trials have included large enough numbers of gay and bisexual males to make a definitive conclusion regarding the usefulness of male circumcision in reducing the chances of acquiring HIV among this community. Gay and bisexual males: Providers should inform uncircumcised gay and bisexual males that data from several observational studies indicate that male circumcision provides partial protection from HIV acquisition for gay and bisexual males who practice mainly or exclusively insertive anal sex (top). Males in relationships with females who engage in behaviors that may increase their chances of getting HIV or are part of communities over-represented in the HIV epidemic (e.g., commercial sex workers, females who inject drugs, and females in defined populations with HIV prevalence of one percent or higher).Males who are in sexual relationships with HIV-infected female partners.Heterosexual males who engage in behaviors that increase the chances of getting HIV include: Those patients who choose to be circumcised should be offered medically performed circumcision services and information on HIV prevention.

Health care providers should assess the sexual risk behaviors of their male patients, and the patients who engage in activities that may increase their chances of acquiring HIV should be counseled about voluntary male circumcision as another potential strategy. Additionally, the patients should be informed of the potential risks associated with the procedure. Heterosexually active adolescent and adult males (including bisexual males): Health care providers should inform all uncircumcised adolescent and adult males that male circumcision reduces, but does not eliminate, the chance of acquiring HIV and other STIs during heterosexual contact.

Female to male hiv transmission